RESEARCH METHODS VARIABLE GEOMETRY HORN

Анотація

The developed method of research of a loudspeaker with variable geometry for optimization of the characteristics of the irradiator of a parabolic antenna in the range of 4.5–4.7 GHz for the antenna system of a radio relay-tropospheric communication station is presented. The method uses a mathematical apparatus based on the known method of antenna theory - induced electromotive forces. The paper proposes a conical horn made of individual conductors (vibrators) with the determination of the number of individual elements (vibrators and conductors with a traveling current wave) and their design features. It is proposed to change the angle of opening of the conical horn with the help of dielectric hinges that connect its plates of conductors (vibrators). The distance between the conductors (vibrators) of the conical horn is less than 1/20 of the working wavelength. This value is obtained under the condition that the mutual currents that occur in two adjacent separate conductors (vibrators) of the conical horn correspond to the currents that occur on the surface of the all-metal horn.
The results of calculating the radiation patterns of a conical loudspeaker from individual conductors (vibrators) and a loudspeaker from conductors with a traveling current wave coincide with the radiation pattern of an all-metal loudspeaker with similar design parameters, which confirms the possibility of using loudspeakers based on individual elements.
The advantage of a conical loudspeaker based on individual elements in contrast to the all-metal loudspeaker is the ability to change the geometric dimensions (angle of the antenna, the length of the speaker), which leads to changes in the directional characteristics of the radio.